剑桥高阶英汉双解词典 - discipline collapse

discipline
/'dɪs.ə.plɪn/
noun
TRAINING 训练
I [U]
* training which produces obedience (= willingness to obey) or self-control, often in the form of rules, and punishments if these are broken, or the obedience or self-control produced by this training
训导；训练；纪律；约束

1. parental/military/school discipline
父母的训导／军事训练／校规

2. There should be better discipline in schools.
学校的纪律应该更严一些。

3. I don't have enough (self)discipline to save money.
我总是控制不住自己花钱的欲望。

(good) discipline
* the ability to control yourself or other people, even in difficult situations
控制能力，驾驭能力

1. Maintaining classroom discipline (= control of the students) is the first task of every teacher.
维护课堂纪律是每位教师的首要任务。

/'dɪs.ə.plɪn/
noun
SUBJECT 课程
[C]
* a particular area of study, especially a subject studied at a college or university
（尤指大学或学院设立的）专业

/'dɪs.ə.plɪn/
verb
PUNISH 惩罚
[T]
* to punish someone
罚，惩罚

1. A senior civil servant has been disciplined for revealing secret government plans to the media.
一名高级公务员因向媒体透露政府秘密计划而受到惩罚。

/'dɪs.ə.plɪn/
verb
CONTROL 控制
[T or R]
* to teach someone to behave in a controlled way
训练，教导

1. [+ to infinitive] I'm trying to discipline myself to eat less chocolate.
我正试图控制自己少吃巧克力。

柯林斯COBUILD高阶英汉双解学习词典 - discipline collapse

discipline ★★★☆☆
1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词训练;纪律;风纪 Discipline is the practice of making people obey rules or standards of behaviour, and punishing them when they do not.

  • Order and discipline have been placed in the hands of headmasters and governing bodies.

    维持秩序和纪律的工作已交接给了校长和管理机构了。

  • ...discipline problems in the classroom.

    课堂纪律问题

2.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词自制力;遵守纪律 Discipline is the quality of being able to behave and work in a controlled way which involves obeying particular rules or standards.

  • It was that image of calm and discipline that appealed to voters.

    正是那个冷静、自律的形象打动了选民。

3.N-VAR 可变名词训练;磨炼 If you refer to an activity or situation as a discipline, you mean that, in order to be successful in it, you need to behave in a strictly controlled way and obey particular rules or standards.

  • ...inner disciplines like transcendental meditation...

    内省，如冥思静坐

  • The discipline of studying music can help children develop good work habits.

    音乐学习中的训练可以帮助孩子们培养好的工作习惯。

4.VERB 动词惩罚;处罚;处分 If someone is disciplined for something that they have done wrong, they are punished for it.

【语法信息】：be V-ed

【语法信息】：V n

  • The workman was disciplined by his company but not dismissed...

    那个工人受到了公司的处罚，但并没有被解雇。

  • Her husband had at last taken a share in disciplining the boy.

    她的丈夫最后也加了进来一起教训那个男孩。

5.VERB 动词训练;训导;管教 If you discipline yourself to do something, you train yourself to behave and work in a strictly controlled and regular way.

【语法信息】：V pron-refl to-inf

【语法信息】：V pron-refl

  • Out on the course you must discipline yourself to let go of detailed theory...

    在高尔夫球场上，你必须训练自己做到不拘泥于细枝末节的理论。

  • I'm very good at disciplining myself.

    我能做到严格自律。

6.N-COUNT 可数名词(尤指大学里的)学科，科目 A discipline is a particular area of study, especially a subject of study in a college or university.

【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

  • You've got to make sure that people work together across disciplines...

    你必须确保让那些出身不同学科的人一起共事。

  • We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.

    我们需要各个学科的人才。

7.See also:self-discipline;

    牛津高阶英汉双解 第7版 - discipline collapse

    ☞ discipline
    dis·cip·line / 5disEplin / noun1. [U] the practice of training people to obey rules and orders and punishing them if they do not; the controlled behaviour or situation that results from this training
       训练；训导；纪律；风纪:
       The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.
       这所学校因纪律严格而名闻遐迩。
       Strict discipline is imposed on army recruits.
       新兵受到严格的训练。
       She keeps good discipline in class.
       她严格执行课堂纪律。
    2. [C] a method of training your mind or body or of controlling your behaviour; an area of activity where this is necessary
       训练方法；行为准则；符合准则的行为:
       Yoga is a good discipline for learning to relax.
       瑜伽是一种学习放松的有效方法。
    3. [U] the ability to control your behaviour or the way you live, work, etc.
       自制力；遵守纪律:
       He'll never get anywhere working for himself—he's got no discipline.
       他为自己工作是不会有什么成就的——他毫无自制力。
    ⇨ see also self-discipline
    4. [C] an area of knowledge; a subject that people study or are taught, especially in a university
       知识领域；(尤指大学的)学科,科目verb1. [VN] ~ sb (for sth) to punish sb for sth they have done
       惩罚；处罚:
       The officers were disciplined for using racist language.
       这些军官因使用种族歧视性语言而受到惩罚。
    2. [VN] to train sb, especially a child, to obey particular rules and control the way they behave
       训练；训导；管教:
       a guide to the best ways of disciplining your child
       管教子女最佳方法指南
    3. ~ yourself to control the way you behave and make yourself do things that you believe you should do
       自我控制；严格要求(自己):
      ▪ [VN to inf]
       He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.
       他规定自己每周至少锻炼三次。
      ▪ [VN]
       Dieting is a matter of disciplining yourself.
       节食是自我控制的问题。
    • dis·cip·lined adj.:
       a disciplined army / team
       纪律严明的军队/团队
       a disciplined approach to work
       严格的工作态度

    牛津搭配语词典 第2版 - discipline collapse

    discipline

    I. noun

    1. training people to behave; behaving well

    • ADJECTIVE effective, firm, good, rigorous We need better ~ in our schools. | harsh, iron, rigid, strict strict military ~ | lax, poor Discipline was too lax. | student, team | church, military, party, prison, school, social, work | parental

    • VERB + DISCIPLINE enforce, exercise, impose the ~ that the party exercises over its members | instil/instill We need someone who is good at instilling ~. | maintain The teacher was unable to maintain ~. | submit to They submitted to the ~ imposed by their leaders. | learn Students have to learn ~. | have The school was criticized for having very poor ~. | lack Modern schools lack ~. | need She believes children need ~. | restore

    • DISCIPLINE + NOUN problem

    • PHRASES a breach of ~ (esp. BrE) It's unfair to dismiss somebody for a single breach of ~. | a breakdown in ~, a breakdown of ~ a breakdown of ~ in the classroom | a lack of ~ | order and ~ He quickly brought order and ~ to the regiment.

    2. controlling yourself

    • ADJECTIVE good, great It is good ~ to learn to delegate. | strict | personal | mental, spiritual | physical | business, commercial, financial, fiscal, industrial, market, monetary The government has stabilized the economy through strict fiscal ~. | message (= the practice of only talking about what is relevant to your aims, by a politician) (AmE)

    • VERB + DISCIPLINE have He'll never get anywhere working for himself—he has no ~. | show | lack | apply, bring something to help you bring ~ to your decision-making process | demand, require, take It takes great ~ to learn a musical instrument.

    • PHRASES a lack of ~

    3. subject of study

    • ADJECTIVE core, main, major Students are to be tested on the three core ~s: mathematics, English and science. | different, distinct, independent, individual, separate When did sociology emerge as a distinct ~? | established, traditional | emerging, new | related social work and its related ~s | academic, intellectual, scholarly They established psychology as an academic ~. | professional (esp. AmE) | humanities, science, scientific, etc.

    • PREPOSITION across ~s There is a lack of communication across ~s (= between teachers and students of different subjects). | within a/the ~ Within a ~ there may be more than one school of thought.

    • PHRASES different ~s, diverse ~s academics from diverse academic ~s | multiple ~s (esp. AmE) experts in multiple ~s | a range of ~s The university offers a wide range of ~s.

    II. verb

    Discipline is used with these nouns as the object: child

    牛津英语同义词学习词典 - discipline collapse

    discipline noun
    ⇨ area 2 (scholars from various disciplines) ⇨ control (strict discipline)    discipline verb
    ⇨ punish

    新牛津英语同义词词典 - discipline collapse

    discipline

    noun
    1 discipline in the camp was strict
    CONTROL , regulation, direction, order, authority, rule, strictness, a firm hand; routine, regimen; training, teaching, instruction, drill, drilling, exercise; use of punishment.

    2 it may take courage and discipline to do this, but it is worth the effort
    SELF-CONTROL , self-discipline, self-government, control, controlled behaviour, self-restraint; good behaviour, orderliness, obedience.

    3 sociology is a fairly new discipline
    FIELD (OF STUDY) , branch of knowledge, course of study, subject, area; specialist subject, speciality, specialty.

    verb
    1 these families have different ways of disciplining their children | you must discipline yourself into adopting regular working methods
    TRAIN , drill, teach, school, coach, educate, regiment, indoctrinate; lay down the law to someone, bring someone into line.

    2 she had learned to discipline her emotions
    CONTROL , bring/keep under control, restrain, regulate, govern, keep in check, check, curb, keep a tight rein on, rein in, bridle, tame.
    -opposite(s): GIVE FREE REIN TO.

    3 a member of staff was to be disciplined by management
    PUNISH , penalize, take disciplinary action against, bring someone to book;
    REPRIMAND , rebuke, reprove, chastise, castigate, upbraid, remonstrate with; informal dress down, give someone a dressing-down, rap over the knuckles, give someone a roasting, give someone a rocket, put on the mat; Brit. informal carpet, put on the carpet; archaic chasten.

    词源记忆 - discipline collapse

    discipline 训练，纪律
    来自disciple, 学习，门徒。引申词义训练，必要的纪律，惩罚。