retreat
/rɪ'tri:t/
verb
POSITION 位置
A [I often + adv/prep]
* to go away from a place or person in order to escape from fighting or danger
退却；撤退；后退

1. Attacks by enemy aircraft forced the tanks to retreat (from the city).
敌机的轰炸迫使坦克（从这座城市）撤离。

2. When she came towards me shouting, I retreated (behind my desk).
她大叫着冲向我时，我就后退（到了桌子后面）。

[I]
* to go to a quiet safe place in order to avoid a difficult situation
退却；躲避；隐退

1. When he's done something wrong, he retreats to his bedroom.
他要是做了甚么错事，就会躲到自己睡房里去。

/rɪ'tri:t/
verb
DECISION 决定
[I often + adv/prep]
* to decide not to do something, or to stop believing something, because it causes too many problems
改变主意；退缩；放弃信仰

1. The government is retreating from its promises.
政府要收回其承诺。

/rɪ'tri:t/
noun
POSITION 位置
[C usually singular] [U]
* a move back by soldiers or an army, either because they have been defeated or in order to avoid fighting
（士兵或军队的）撤退，退却，后退

1. the retreat from Dunkirk
敦刻尔克大撤退

2. Enemy soldiers are now in (full) retreat.
敌军正在（全面）撤退

[C]
* a private and safe place
退隐处；静居处；僻静处

1. a country/mountain/lakeside retreat
乡间／山区／湖畔的幽静的住所

[C or U]
* a period of time used to pray and study quietly, or to think carefully, away from normal activities and duties
静修，静思（时间）

1. We went on (a) retreat at/to a monastery in Wales.
我们去威尔士的一间修道院静修。

/rɪ'tri:t/
noun
DECISION 决定
[C]
* a change from previous beliefs or behaviour
（信仰的）改变；退缩；放弃

1. The professor's speech marked/signalled a retreat from his usual extreme views.
教授的演讲标志着／表明他已经放弃了他一贯的极端观点。

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retreat ★★★☆☆

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retreat
re·treat / ri5tri:t / verbFROM DANGER / DEFEAT 遇险；失败
1. [V] to move away from a place or an enemy because you are in danger or because you have been defeated
   退却；撤退:
   The army was forced to retreat after suffering heavy losses.
   部队因伤亡惨重被迫撤退。
   We retreated back down the mountain.
   我们从山上撤了下来。
   OPP  advance
MOVE AWAY / BACK 离开；退后
2. [V] to move away or back
   离开；离去；退去；后退
   SYN  recede :
   He watched her retreating figure.
   他看着她的身影渐渐远去。
   The flood waters slowly retreated.
   洪水慢慢地消退。
CHANGE DECISION 改变决定
3. [V +adv. / prep.] to change your mind about sth because of criticism or because a situation has become too difficult
   (由于批评或环境过于恶劣)改变主意,退缩
   SYN  back off :
   The government had retreated from its pledge to reduce class sizes.
   政府已经改变了缩小班级规模的承诺。
TO QUIET PLACE 到僻静处
4. [V , usually +adv. / prep.] to escape to a place that is quieter or safer
   隐退；逃避；躲避
   SYN  retire :
   Bored with the conversation, she retreated to her bedroom.
   她厌倦了这样的交谈,躲进了自己的卧室。
  (figurative) He retreated into a world of fantasy.
   他遁入了幻想世界。
FINANCE 金融
5. [VN] to lose value
   跌价:
   Share prices retreated 45p to 538p.
   这种股票价格下跌 45 便士,降到了 538 便士。 nounFROM DANGER / DEFEAT 遇险；失败
1. [C, usually sing., U] a movement away from a place or an enemy because of danger or defeat
   撤退；退却:
   Hitler's retreat from Russia
   希特勒从俄国的撤退
   The army was in full retreat (= retreating very quickly).
   部队全线撤退。
   to sound the retreat (= to give a loud signal for an army to move away)
   发出撤退信号
ESCAPE 逃跑
2. [C, usually sing., U] ~ (from / into sth) an act of trying to escape from a particular situation to six that you think is safer or more pleasant
   逃避；退避；躲避
   SYN  escape :
   Is watching television a retreat from reality?
   看电视是对现实的一种逃避吗？
CHANGE OF DECISION 改变决定
3. [C, usually sing.] an act of changing a decision because of criticism or because a situation has become too difficult
   (由于批评或环境过于恶劣)改变决定,退缩:
   The Senator made an embarrassing retreat from his earlier position.
   这位参议员很尴尬地改变了他早先的立场。
QUIET PLACE 安静的地方
4. [C] a quiet, private place that you go to in order to get away from your usual life
   僻静处；隐居处:
   a country retreat
   乡间幽静的住所
5. [U, C] a period of time when sb stops their usual activities and goes to a quiet place for prayer and thought; an organized event when people can do this
   静修期间(或活动):
   He went into retreat and tried to resolve the conflicts within himself.
   他去静修并试图调节自己内心的矛盾冲突。
   to go on a Buddhist retreat
   去参加佛教的静修
 IDIOMS 
⇨ see beat v.

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retreat

I. noun

1. retreating/leaving

• ADJECTIVE hasty, headlong, quick, rapid I decided to beat a hasty ~. | humiliating, ignominious (formal) | orderly, strategic, tactful, tactical I made a tactful ~ before they started arguing.

• VERB + RETREAT beat, make | lead | call (AmE), order, sound | force, force sb into Eventually the police forced the crowd into ~. | block, cut off | cover We covered his ~ with bursts of gunfire.

• PREPOSITION in ~ The enemy was now in ~. | on the ~ fresh evidence that trade unionism is on the ~ | ~ from He took part in the ~ from Paris. | ~ into her ~ into a fantasy world of her own | ~ to an ignominious ~ to the River Vistula

• PHRASES be in full ~ On the eastern front the army was in full ~. | a line of ~ We succeeded in cutting off the enemy's line of ~.

2. quiet and private place

• ADJECTIVE favourite/favorite, idyllic, perfect the perfect ~ for a romantic honeymoon | private, secret | peaceful, quiet | country, mountain, rural, wilderness (esp. AmE) designed as a gentleman's country ~ | summer, winter | holiday (BrE), vacation (AmE), weekend | presidential Camp David, the presidential ~ in Maryland

• VERB + RETREAT turn sth into, use sth as She plans to use it as a winter ~.

• PREPOSITION ~ for a summer ~ for the rich | ~ from They are staying here at their secret ~ from life in the city.

3. quiet place; time spent there

• ADJECTIVE Buddhist, meditation, religious, spiritual, yoga, Zen | silent I went on a ten-day silent ~. | annual I went off on one of my annual ~s. | two-day, week-long, etc. | business, corporate, executive, management (all esp. AmE) A successful executive ~ can be a powerful tool for addressing changing business conditions. | women's, writers' | family (esp. AmE)

• VERB + RETREAT attend, do, go on She goes on a spiritual ~ for two weeks every summer. | go into He went into ~ at his country home to escape the attention of the media. | hold The family held its first ~ last October. | offer Zen Mountain offers numerous wilderness ~s.

II. verb

• ADVERB hastily, quickly, rapidly, swiftly | slowly Sandy ~ed slowly, wary of what the man might do. | further | back He ~ed hastily back to his car.

• VERB + RETREAT try to | order sb to The army has been ordered to ~.

• PREPOSITION before They ~ed before the Americans. | behind He ~ed behind the table. | down I heard her footsteps ~ down the hall. | from | in the face of He ~ed in the face of strong opposition. | into He ~ed into his own world. | to She ~ed from the busy office to her own room.

Retreat is used with these nouns as the subject: army, tide

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retreat
 see beat a retreat.

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retreat noun
⇨ refugeretreat verb
⇨ withdraw 1 (an army retreats) ⇨ withdraw 2 (retreat from a pledge)

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retreat

verb
1 the army retreated
WITHDRAW , retire, draw back, pull back, pull out, fall back, give way, give ground, recoil, flee, take flight, beat a retreat, beat a hasty retreat, run away, run off, make a run for it, run for it, make off, take off, take to one's heels, make a break for it, bolt, make a quick exit, clear out, make one's getaway, escape, head for the hills; informal beat it, vamoose, skedaddle, split, cut and run, leg it, show a clean pair of heels, turn tail, scram, hook it, fly the coop, skip off, do a fade; Brit. informal do a runner, scarper, do a bunk; N. Amer. informal light out, bug out, cut out, peel out, take a powder, skidoo; Austral. informal go through, shoot through; archaic fly, levant.
-opposite(s): ADVANCE ; DIG IN, HOLD ONE'S POSITION.

2 the tide was retreating
GO OUT , ebb, recede, flow out, fall, go down.
-opposite(s): COME IN.

3 the government had to retreat over the plan
CHANGE ONE'S DECISION , change one's mind, change one's attitude, change one's plans;
BACK DOWN , climb down, backtrack, back-pedal, retract, reconsider, eat one's words, eat humble pie, give in, concede defeat, shift one's ground.

noun
1 a counteroffensive caused the retreat of the imperial army
WITHDRAWAL , pulling back, flight; rare katabasis.
-opposite(s): ADVANCE.

2 Democrats welcomed the President's retreat on the tax issue
CLIMBDOWN , backdown, retraction, concession; informal make an about-face; Brit. informal make an about-turn.

3 she invited us to her retreat in rural Sweden
REFUGE , haven, resort, asylum, sanctuary, sanctum sanctorum; hideaway, hideout, hiding place; cottage, dacha, shelter, cabin, den, lair, nest; informal hidey-hole.

4 a period of retreat from the world for spiritual regeneration
SECLUSION , withdrawal, retirement, solitude, isolation, hiding, privacy, sanctuary; rare sequestration, reclusion.

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retreat 撤退，撤退，退避
re-, 向后，往回；treat, 拉，处理，词源同tract。即回拉，引申词义撤退，退离。

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