root
/ru:t/
noun [C]
PLANT PART 植物的一部分
E
* the part of a plant which grows down into the earth to get water and food and which holds the plant firm in the ground
根，根茎，根块

/ru:t/
noun [C]
CAUSE/ORIGIN 原因／根源
E
* the cause or origin of something bad
（坏事的）根源，根由，原因

1. We must get to the root of (= discover the cause of) this problem.
我们一定要探本溯源，查出造成这个问题的原因。

2. What is/lies at the root of the problem is their lack of interest.
这一问题的根本原因是他们缺乏兴趣。

3. The high crime rate has its roots in unemployment and poverty.
高犯罪率的根源在于失业和贫穷。

4. So what's the root cause of his anxiety?
那么使他焦虑的根本原因是甚么呢？

roots [plural]
* origins
根，根源，起源

1. The city of Tours can trace its roots back to Roman times.
图尔城的历史可以追溯到古罗马时代。
See also# grassroots#

/ru:t/
noun [C]
TOOTH/HAIR/NAIL 牙、毛发或指甲
* the part of a hair, tooth, or nail that is under the skin
（毛发、牙或指甲的）根部

/ru:t/
noun [C]
WORD 词
specialized
* The root of a word is its most basic form, to which other parts, such as affixes , can be added
词根

1. The root of the word 'sitting' is 'sit'.
sitting 这个词的词根是 sit。

/ru:t/
noun [C]
MATHEMATICS 数学
specialized
* a solution of some equations (= mathematical statements)
根；解

specialized
* A root of a particular number is another number which, when multiplied by itself one or more times, reaches that number
根；方根

1. The square root of 64 is 8, and the cube root of 64 is 4.
64的平方根是八，立方根是四。

/ru:t/
noun [C]
put down roots
* If you put down roots in a place where you have moved to live, you make new friends and join in new activities there so that you feel it is your home.
（在新的地方）定居开始新的生活

/ru:t/
noun [C]
root and branch UK (US roots and all)
* completely
彻底；根本地

1. Racism must be eliminated, root and branch.
必须根除种族主义。

/ru:t/
noun [C]
take root
* If an idea, belief or system takes root somewhere, it starts to be accepted there
深入人心；被牢固树立；生根

1. Communism has never really taken root in England.
共产主义从未真正在英格兰扎根。

/ru:t/
verb
LOOK 看
[I usually + adv/prep]
* to look for something by turning things over
翻找，翻寻

1. She rooted through/among the papers on her desk.
她在桌上的文件中翻来翻去地找东西。

2. The pigs rooted for acorns in the forest.
猪在树林里翻拱找橡子吃。

/ru:t/
verb
PLANT 植物
[I]
* to grow roots
生根；长出根来

1. The trees failed to root and so died.
这些树没能生根，所以都死了。

/ru:t/
verb
rooted to the spot
* to be unable to move
呆若木鸡，一动不动

1. She was rooted to the spot with fear/amazement.
她吓／惊呆了。

/ru:t/
verb
phrasal verb root about/around (somewhere) informal
* to search for something, especially by looking through other things
（尤指在其他物品中）翻找，翻寻

1. She was rooting around in her drawer for a pencil.
她在抽屉中翻找铅笔。

/ru:t/
verb
phrasal verb root for sb informal
* to show support for someone who is in a competition or who is doing something difficult
给（某人）以支援，为（某人）助威，声援（某人）

1. Most of the crowd were rooting for the home team.
观众中的大多数人都在为主队加油。

2. Good luck! We're all rooting for you.
祝你好运！我们都支援你。

/ru:t/
verb
phrasal verb [M] root sth/sb out
SEARCH FOR
informal
* to search and find something or someone that is difficult to find
（费力地）搜寻到，（经过搜寻）终于找到

1. I've rooted out an old pair of shoes that might fit you.
我终于翻出来一双旧鞋，你穿可能合脚。

GET RID OF
* to find and remove a person or thing that is causing a problem
找到并根除，发现并杜绝

1. Ms Campbell has been appointed to root out inefficiency in this company.
坎贝尔女士已经受命来调查并解决这间公司效率低下的问题。

/ru:t/
verb
phrasal verb [M] root sth out/up
* to remove a whole plant, including the roots, from the ground
连根挖掉，连根拔出

1. I suggest you root out those weeds before they take hold.
我建议你把这些杂草连根拔除，等它们扎牢了根就难以除掉了。

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root ★★★☆☆

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☞ root
root / ru:t / nounOF PLANT 植物
1. [C] the part of a plant that grows under the ground and absorbs water and minerals that it sends to the rest of the plant
   根；根茎:
   deep spreading roots
   扎得很深的根
   I pulled the plant up by (= including) the roots.
   我把这棵植物连根拔起。
   Tree roots can cause damage to buildings.
   树根会给大楼造成损害。
    root crops / vegetables (= plants whose roots you can eat, such as carrots)
   根茎作物/蔬菜
⇨ see also grass roots , taproot
OF HAIR / TOOTH / NAIL 头发；牙齿；指甲
2. [C] the part of a hair, tooth, nail or tongue that attaches it to the rest of the body
   根；根部:
   hair that is blonde at the ends and dark at the roots
   发梢金黄而发根黑的头发
MAIN CAUSE OF PROBLEM 问题的主要原因
3. [C, usually sing.] the main cause of sth, such as a problem or difficult situation
   根源；起因:
   Money, or love of money, is said to be the root of all evil.
   有人说钱和爱钱是万恶之源。
   We have to get to the root of the problem.
   我们必须找到问题的根源。
   What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity.
   他的一切忧虑源于一种不安全感。
   What would you say was the root cause of the problem?
   你认为问题的起因是什么？
ORIGIN 起源
4. [C, usually pl.] the origin or basis of sth
   起源；基础；根基:
   Flamenco has its roots in Arabic music.
   弗拉明科起源于阿拉伯音乐。
CONNECTION WITH PLACE 与地方相关
5. roots [pl.] the feelings or connections that you have with a place because you have lived there or your family came from there
   根(指与出生地或原籍相关联的情感或联系):
   I'm proud of my Italian roots.
   我为我的意大利血统感到骄傲。
   After 20 years in America, I still feel my roots are in England.
   尽管在美国生活了 20 年,我还是觉得我的根在英国。
OF WORD 单词
6. [C] (linguistics 语言) the part of a word that has the main meaning and that its other forms are based on; a word that other words are formed from
   词根:
   'Walk' is the root of 'walks', 'walked', 'walking' and 'walker'.
   walk 是 walks、walked、walking 和 walker 的词根。
MATHEMATICS 数学
7. [C] a quantity which, when multiplied by itself a particular number of times, produces another quantity
   方根；根
⇨ see also cube root , square root
 IDIOMS 
▪ put down 'roots
1. (of a plant 植物) to develop roots
   生根
2. to settle and live in one place
   定居:
   After ten years travelling the world, she felt it was time to put down roots somewhere.
   游历世界十年之后,她觉得该是找个地方定居的时候了。
▪ 7root and 'branch
   thoroughly and completely
   完全彻底:
   The government set out to destroy the organization root and branch.
   政府着手完全彻底地摧毁这个组织。
   root-and-branch reforms
   全面彻底的改革
▪ take 'root
1. (of a plant 植物) to develop roots
   生根
2. (of an idea 思想) to become accepted widely
   植根；深入人心:
   Fortunately, militarism failed to take root in Europe as a whole.
   幸运的是,军国主义没有能够深入整个欧洲。 verbOF PLANTS 植物
1. [V VN] to grow roots; to make or encourage a plant to grow roots
   (使)生根
SEARCH 寻找
2. [V +adv. / prep.] ~ (about / around) for sth | ~ (through sth) (for sth) to search for sth by moving things or turning things over
   翻寻
   SYN  rummage :
   pigs rooting for food
   拱土觅食的猪
   'It must be here somewhere,' she said, rooting through the suitcase.
   "它一定就在这里的什么地方。"她一边说一边翻着衣箱。
   Who's been rooting around in my desk?
   谁乱翻我的书桌了？
SEX 性
3. [V VN] (AustralE, NZE, taboo, slang) to have sex with sb
   (与某人)性交
 PHRASAL VERBS 
▪ 'root for sb [no passive] (usually used in the progressive tenses 通常用于进行时) (informal)
   to support or encourage sb in a sports competition or when they are in a difficult situation
   (体育比赛或遭遇困难时)给…助威,给…加油:
   We're rooting for the Bulls.
   我们为公牛队加油。
   Good luck—I'm rooting for you!
   祝你好运——我支持你！
▪ 7root sth / sb ↔ 'out
1. to find the person or thing that is causing a problem and remove or get rid of them
   找到并去除(祸根)；根除
2. to find sb / sth after searching for a long time
   终于发现(或找到)
▪ 7root sb to 'sth
   to make sb unable to move because of fear, shock, etc.
   使(因害怕、惊吓等)呆住不动:
   Embarrassment rooted her to the spot.
   她尴尬得呆住了。
▪ 7root sth ↔ 'up
   to dig or pull up a plant with its roots
   连根挖起；连根拔起

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root

I. noun

1. of a plant

• ADJECTIVE deep, shallow | gnarled | plant, tree

• VERB + ROOT develop, grow | put down, take I hope those cuttings will take ~. | plant

• ROOT + VERB grow

• ROOT + NOUN system | ball | crops, vegetables | growth

• PREPOSITION by its/the ~s She pulled the shrub out by its ~s.

2. roots place where you feel you belong

• ADJECTIVE humble Despite his wealth, he never forgot his humble ~s. | strong | cultural severed from our cultural ~s by industrialization | working-class | African, French, Scottish, etc.

• VERB + ROOTS get back to, go back to, return to My husband wants to go back to his Irish ~s. | trace They can trace their ~s back to the 16th century. | put down We haven't been here long enough to put down ~s. | be cut off from, forget

3. cause/source

• ADJECTIVE deep, strong | very | common, same The two languages share a common ~. | historical

• VERB + ROOT have | explore, find, get at, get to, go to I've spent months trying to get to the ~ of the problem. | lie at

• ROOT + VERB be planted in sth Jazz's ~s are firmly planted in African tradition. | go back The company's ~s go back to the 18th century.

• ROOT + NOUN cause

• PREPOSITION at (the ~ of) It is a moral question at ~. | His fears of loneliness lay at the very ~ of his inability to leave. | ~ in The unrest has ~s in religious differences.

• PHRASES the ~ of all evil They consider globalization to be the ~ of all evil. | the ~ of the matter, the ~ of the problem I expect money is at the ~ of the matter.

II. verb

Root is used with these nouns as the subject: cutting

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root
 In addition to the idioms beginning with root, also see put down roots; take root.
 * * *
 - root and branch
 - root for
 - root of the matter
 - root out
 - rooted to the spot

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root noun
⇨ family 3 (my African roots) ⇨ source (the root of the problem)

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root

noun
1 the fungus attacks a plant's roots radicle, rhizome, rootstock, tuber, tap root, rootlet; rare radicel. radical. -combining form(s): rhizo-.

2 the root of the problem is a highly unequal system of land distribution
SOURCE , origin, starting point, seed, germ, beginnings, genesis;
CAUSE , reason; base, basis, foundation, bottom, seat, fundamental; core, nucleus, heart, kernel, nub, essence; Latin fons et origo; poetic/literary fountainhead, wellspring, fount; rare radix.

3 {roots} it's absurd to characterize him as someone who has rejected his roots
ORIGINS , beginnings, family, ancestors, predecessors; heritage; birthplace, native land, motherland, fatherland, homeland, native country, native soil.
put down roots some of them have married and put down roots in Britain
SETTLE , become established, establish oneself, make one's home, set up home.
root and branch

1 the whole ghastly superstructure should be brought down and got rid of, root and branch
COMPLETELY , entirely, wholly, totally, utterly, thoroughly; radically.

2 the party wanted a root-and-branch reform of the electoral system
COMPLETE , total, entire, utter, thorough; radical.
take root

1 leave the plants to take root over the next couple of weeks
BEGIN TO GERMINATE , begin to sprout, establish, strike, take.

2 Christianity had taken root in Persia and Syria earlier than in Rome
BECOME ESTABLISHED , establish itself, become fixed, take hold; develop, thrive, flourish.

verb
1 give the shoot a gentle tug to see if it has rooted
TAKE ROOT , grow roots, become established, establish, strike, take.

2 June is a good month to begin rooting softwood cuttings of alpines like aubretia
PLANT , bed out, sow.

3 he rooted around in the cupboard and brought out a packet of biscuits | he found a group of men rooting through the rubbish
RUMMAGE , hunt, search, rifle, delve, forage, dig, nose, poke; ransack; Brit. rootle.
root for (informal) the clamour of baseball fans rooting for their team
CHEER , applaud, cheer on, support, encourage, urge on, shout for.
root something out

1 the hedge was rooted out
UPROOT , tear something up by the roots, pull something up, grub something out; rare deracinate.
-opposite(s): PLANT.

2 his main purpose was to root out corruption in the judiciary
ERADICATE , get rid of, eliminate, weed something out, remove, destroy, put an end to, do away with, wipe something out, stamp something out, extirpate, abolish, extinguish.
-opposite(s): ESTABLISH.

3 are you hoping to root out some dark secret from Joseph's past?
UNEARTH , dig something up, dig something out, turn something up, bring something to light, uncover, discover, dredge something up, ferret something out, hunt something out, nose something out, expose.

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root 根，根部，根基
来自古英语rot, 根，来自Proto-Germanic→*wrot, 根，草根，植物，来自PIE→*wrad, 根，小枝，词源同wort, radish。引申词义根部，根基等。

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